In Canberra too, members of the two houses have different ambitions, but Representatives hope to become ministers, not Senators, and some easily can envision themselves as prime minister. One interviewee with experience in an upper and lower house found that lower house members are kept locally accountable to the constituency everyday and have to be very responsive. The majority of members are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister and are called Life Peers. Although they have many differences, they share some similarities … The house of the representative is also known as the lower chamber while the senate is known as the upper chamber ; The voting members of the senate are 100 while those of the house of the representative is 435; The term length of the house is 2 years before reelection while that of the Senate is 6 years. Furthermore, minor parties such as the Greens do not automatically presume that their leader has to be based in the House. The similarities between each organization are less defined and few and far between. With only two senators per state and only one vacancy (if that) at an election, Senate races are very competitive. For example, one similarity is the process for a bill to become a law, along with the ability for anyone to come up with an idea for a bill. However, they acknowledged that it was a hard transition and that their high Senate profile did not easily translate to the lower house. The House of Representatives of the US Congress consists of 435 representatives participating in voting on the issues under discussion. Ministers are members of the Australian Government who have been given an area of responsibility—a portfolio—for how Australia is run. The Senate and the House of Representatives: lesson overview. Another interviewee who served in both houses agreed that campaigning for the two houses is very different, as a senator is elected on a party ticket. The House has 435 members while the Senate has 100 … Site Navigation. The United States Congress consists of two legislative bodies, the House of Representatives and the Senate. Australian Senators also seek ministerial appointments, but fewer of these positions are available for Senators, so Senators may seek election to the House in their quest for political advancement. It is worth noting that the election of Julia Gillard as the first female prime Minister of Australia provides evidence of the changing perceptions that the society has … Federal Parliament in Canberra is made up of two ‘houses’ – the House of Representatives and the Senate. Coordinates. Clear majorities of both House and Senate respondents thought that the work patterns of their colleagues in the other chamber were very different or quite different. Name recognition, as much as party profile, is crucial for minor party senators. Similar committees such as Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, Budget, Judiciary, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs. The representatives and senators are appointed through direct election although a vacancy in the Senate can be filled by gubernatorial appointment. The Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress. Both senators and representatives introduce, debate and vote on bills in their respective chambers within the Capitol. [6] Despite these innovations, the perception exists that more ambitious politicians contest the lower house. Congress is made of two houses; the Senate and the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives is generally considered the ‘main game’ in politics for most of the media and the public, as government is formed in the lower house. There are also similarities between the Senate and the House of Representatives. Discover the Parliament, the Australian Government, opposition, and the people who help the Parliament do its work. This separation is symbolic of the limited understandings and appreciation of the work of their colleagues, and critical sentiments were frequently expressed in both the surveys and interviews. For example, one similarity is the process for a bill to become a law, along with the ability for anyone to come up with an idea for a bill. video. Unlike the House, the number of Senators are spread equally across states, regardless of their populations. There are 100 members. The comparatively lower thresholds for election mean that it can be easier to be elected to the Australian Senate with party endorsement than the House, hence the election of minor parties to the Senate. When Liberal Senator John Gorton became Prime Minister he resigned from the Senate and contested a lower house seat. Major Differences Between the Two Houses of Congress: House. P Keating, Prime Minister, ‘Questions without notice: Loan Council arrangements’, House of Representatives, Debates, 4 November 1992, p. 2547. Another interviewee who served in both houses suggested that the difference is that as a member you have to be aware of the constituency from a survival point of view whereas in the Senate one could approach issues from a wider perspective. Each of these representatives is elected to the lower House of the Congress in its own electoral district. The Senate and the House of Representatives, with the Queen (representated by the Governor-General), comprise the Australian Parliament. Each state has two senators in the Senate. ‘Often politics is being in the right place at the right time’ – current senator. There are many similarities between these institutions. Each one of them represents our government in different ways. One senator argued that it is as tough to get preselected for winnable Senate seats as it is for safe lower house seats. A US Senator has not voluntarily relinquished his seat to run for a seat in the House since well before the American Civil War.[2]. There are a total of 76 senators: 12 are elected from each of the six Australian states regardless of population and 2 from each of the two autonomous internal Australian territories. Survey respondents were asked whether the types of work that they do and the balance between them was similar or different to their colleagues (in an equivalent position) in the other chamber. Labor also has an affirmative action quota requiring that women are preselected in at least 40 per cent of winnable seats. Survey respondents were asked to indicate their main reasons for seeking election to the House or the Senate, rather than the other chamber. The House of Representatives is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the upper house being the Senate. You can edit this Venn Diagram using Creately diagramming tool and include in your report/presentation/website. Both are given free office space, parking and trips to their home state. Bach observes: In Washington, members of the two houses often have different ambitions. It is true that the House of Representatives has the exclusive power to initiate money bills. There have been many occasions where sitting senators have been moved to unwinnable positions. A Liberal parliamentarian argued that Senate preselection requires a much higher profile within the party organisation and the state division as it is a state-wide contest. 6, 2003–04, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2004, p. 8. While incumbent members have an advantage over challengers, incumbent senators usually face competition from other incumbents in the same party and therefore maintaining one’s place on the Senate ticket is difficult. Congress: The Senate and the House of Representatives: advanced. Senators were generally more open to the idea of contesting and standing for the House, and despite perceiving the work of their opposite chamber colleagues as being different, high proportions of current and former senators and members felt confident that they could switch houses. Also the voting percentage for each house on a bill is 51 percent. The two legislative bodies play a vital role in congress. Major Differences Between the Senate and the House Number of Members . They are a two house legislature, and its mainly done for tradition. [7] The Nationals have proposed open primaries as means of providing the local community with a sense of ‘ownership’ over the candidate, and assisting the party against popular local mayors running as independents. The House of Representatives and the Senate share some similarities. terms, while representatives are elected to serve two-year terms. The history of the House dates back to the Virginia Plan which was envisioned by Edmund Randolph. Many interviewees remarked that new Parliament House is a wonderful new building, but very sterile and you do not get to know many other occupants. Furthermore, while members of the House of Representatives (including its ministers) are accountable (in the context of parliament) only in the House, and senators are accountable only to the Senate, there are provisions in the Standing Orders to enable minsters from one house appearing before the other or its committees. The upper chamber or the Senate is composed of 24 Members elected at-large by the qualified voters of the Philippines. The Senate. None of the current parliamentary respondents chose ‘easier to become a Minister’. Lots more information about the Senate and the House of Representatives, as well as senators and members can be found on the PEO website. The first eleven are careerists, interested in ministries and wanting to rise through the ranks. One of the consequences of this arrangement is that the Senate has more flexibility in their rules. They are a two house legislature, and its mainly done for tradition. The ‘nexus’ provision of the Constitution (Section 24) stipulates that the membership of the House of Representatives ‘shall be, as nearly as practicable, twice the number of senators’, which Uhr notes is a reflection of the original understanding of the political weight of the two houses. One Labor senator described Senate preselections as much less onerous than having to build a profile in a local electorate, although this senator had a profile within the party and the support of unions controlling half of the preselection votes. The Church of England appoi… Treasurers have also traditionally sat in the House of Representatives, as appropriation bills can only originate in the lower house. Congress: The Senate and the House of Representatives: advanced. Keep track of proceedings. A current senator found that there was more of a national focus in the Senate, along with more excitement and ability to set the agenda. One innovative change to these closed preselection processes has been proposed by the National Party, following the American tradition of open and contested preselections and drawing supporters from outside the party membership. The first, or lower is called the House of Representatives; both represent all States of the Union. … For minor parties, the chances of winning are greater in the Senate, and therefore more ambitious minor party politicians run for the Senate. In India, the two houses are called the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha whereas, in US, they are referred to as the Senate and the House of Representatives; together they are called Congress. In many countries, House of Representatives is also known as the inferior house of a bicameral government and the parallel upper house is usually known as Senate. However, one Liberal questioned the preselection process, arguing that the panels were not necessarily representative of the party or the community. One Greens senator raised concerns that the party was primarily drawing candidates from a relatively small party membership rather than their million supporters. Its composition and powers are established in Chapter I of the Constitution of Australia. Highlights. 2. What can the House of Representatives do that the Senate can't? There are many differences between the Senate and the House of Representatives. Only one former member and one former senator thought the work patterns were very similar. One interviewee described becoming a politician as ‘a spiritual calling’. While the house and senate are similar, there are some differences. What's the difference between them? The Senate is an assembly or a council of citizens having the highest deliberative and legislative functions in a government; while the House is a legislative or deliberative assembly. In the UK, there are a few different ways to become a member of the House of Lords. One senator viewed Senate positions as prizes for factional wins, with party preselectors retaining power over the senators and forcing them to vote in certain ways. This article attempts to explain these differences in detail. They work together to make laws for Australia, scrutinise the government to keep it accountable and represent the people of Australia. House of Representatives 46th Parliament Type Type Lower house of the Parliament of Australia Leadership Speaker Tony Smith, Liberal since 10 August 2015 Leader of the House Christian … Its name is the same as (taken from?) The United States Congress holds its meetings in the Capitol Building in Washington D.C., the US capital. Every two years, one third of the Senate must run for re-election. The House of Representatives is headed by the Speaker, who is elected directly inside the House by a vote of its members. Up Next. The second eleven are at the end of their careers. This is an indication that women roles have gained positive attention form the society. The respond … The Senate is recognisable by its red seats and carpet. Minor party senators in particular (supported by many former major party parliamentarians) were critical of these methods, arguing that the major parties use seats as rewards for party loyalty. In American, Australian, Asian and some other countries, Senate is one of the two legislative houses of the parliament. The following were some of the recurring observations made by the survey respondents and interviewees, but should only be regarded as informed opinion of the practices rather than the written rules. Crossbench senators felt that they were constantly in campaign mode, like being a marginal-seat holder. The main difference between the senate and house of representative is that senate has a six-year term length whereas the house of Representatives has a two-year term length. While the Liberal Party does not have such organised or formalised factions, their Senate preselections operate in similar manner. The House of Commons is elected for a term of five years. Interestingly, this appears to be a more recent development, as the response of former senators did not reveal a similar level of interest and excitement. It is only by convention that the leader of the majority party (or parties) in the lower house becomes Prime Minister. The Senate and the House of Representatives, with the Queen (representated by the Governor-General), comprise the Australian Parliament.
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